Η Σχέση Άγχους Και Παχυσαρκίας.

[Musclemar]

Δύο πρόσφατες μελέτες που εξετάζουν τη σύνδεση άγχους και παχυσαρκίας και ειδικότερα την υπερκορτιζολαιμία που δημιουργεί το άγχος. Η παχυσαρκία που δημιουργείται π.χ. το χρονικό διάστημα μετά από ένα στρεσογόνο περιστατικό έχει διαφορετικά (και μετρήσιμα) βιοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά σε σχέση με την παχυσαρκία που δημιουργείται άνευ στρες:

Stress-related Development of Obesity and Cortisol in Women. Obesity. 2009 Sep;17(9):1678-83. Vicennati V, et al, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Chronic exposure to environmental stress may play a role in the development of obesity, through hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. This study investigated the dynamics of weight gain and the activity of the HPA axis in women who developed weight gain after a stressful event. This is a case-control retrospective study. Two groups of age-matched premenopausal women were selected. One (n = 14) included women characterized by a rapid weight gain following a stressful event, defined as the "stress-related obesity " (SRO) group, and the other (n = 21) women with nonstress-related development of obesity, defined as the "nonstress-related obesity " (NSRO) group. Twenty-one healthy premenopausal women served as normal-weight controls. Baseline hormonal and metabolic parameters, and 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC/24 h) excretion rate (as a measure of HPA-axis activity) were measured in all women. Anthropometry, diet, and physical activity were similar in both obese groups. Both obese groups showed similar metabolic and hormonal profiles, but the SRO group had UFC/24 h values (41.1 +/- 14.3 microg) significantly higher (P < 0.001) with respect to the NSRO (26.6 +/- 17.6 microg) or the normal-weight control groups (21.1 +/- 9.8 microg). Moreover, time (years) to achieve maximum Deltaweight gain (kg) and the Deltaweight gain/time ratio were significantly shorter (P < 0.001) and higher (P < 0.001) in the SRO group with respect to the NSRO group, respectively. In the SRO group, there was a tendency to a significant correlation between UFC/24 h and the Deltaweight gain/time ratio. These findings support the concept that SRO has distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, including hyperactivity of the HPA axis.

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The Contribution of Psychosocial Stress to the Obesity Epidemic: An Evolutionary Approach, Siervo, M, et al, Horm Metab res, 41(4): 261-270 2009

The Thrifty Gene hypothesis theorizes that during evolution a set of genes has been selected to ensure survival in environments with limited food supply and marked seasonality. Contemporary environments have predictable and unlimited food availability, an attenuated seasonality due to artificial lighting, indoor heating during the winter and air conditioning during the summer, and promote sedentariness and overeating. In this setting the thrifty genes are constantly activated to enhance energy storage. Psychosocial stress and sleep deprivation are other features of modern societies. Stress-induced hypercortisolemia in the setting of unlimited food supply promotes adiposity. Modern man is becoming obese because these ancient mechanisms are efficiently promoting a positive energy balance. We propose that in today?s plentifully provisioned societies, where sedentariness and mental stress have become typical traits, chronic activation of the neuroendocrine systems may contribute to the increased prevalence of obesity. We suggest that some of the yet unidentified thrifty genes may be linked to highly conserved energy sensing mechanisms (AMP kinase, mTOR kinase). These hypotheses are testable. Rural societies that are becoming rapidly industrialized and are witnessing a dramatic increase in obesity may provide a historical opportunity to conduct epidemiological studies of the thrifty genotype. In experimental settings, the effects of various forms of psychosocial stress in increasing metabolic efficiency and gene expression can be further tested.

[kouvidis.87]

Ευχαριστουμε για την ερευνα..Νομιζω οτι ολοι μας εχουμε καταλαβει τη διαφορα στο σωμα μας οταν ειμαστε σε πολυ καλη ψυχολογικηυ κατασταση με οταν ειμαστε down και στρεσαρισμενοι η μετα απο ενα γεγονος που μας στεναχωρησε η μας ταραξε..

[VR2]

Ευχαριστουμε για την ερευνα